Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with its long hiding cycle and high infection rate, is spreading rapidly around the world and is seriously affecting people’s quality of life. There are a wide variety of antiviral drugs with different activity characteristics used for COVID patients; however, there is a lack of definitive evidence on the best clinical treatment for COVID-19, and the incidence of adverse reactions is relatively high. This article reviews the mechanisms of action, clinical application, usage and dosage, and monitoring of therapeutic drugs and the adverse reactions of small-molecule antiviral drugs, macromolecular biological drugs, traditional Chinese medicine, and other drugs for the treatment of coronary pneumonia. The information aims to provide a reference for rational drug use to treat coronary pneumonia.