Cerebral stroke refers to the damage of brain function caused by ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions of cerebral blood vessels, which can occur for various reasons. In recent years, the number of cerebral stroke patients has increased year by year, and cerebral stroke seriously affects quality of life. Scavenger receptors ( SRs) are a group of scavenging receptors that exist on the surface of phagocytes and can recognize and eliminate pathogens. Recently, a number of studies have reported that SRs are related to cerebral stroke, and have demonstrated that SRs affect the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cerebral stroke by participating in processes such as inflammation, oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, and immunity. Here, we review the related research progress of SRs and cerebral stroke.