Objective To detect and compare the clinical outcomes of multiple serum cytokines in healthy Rhesus and Cynomolgus monkeys. Methods Fifteen healthy Rhesus and 15 healthy Cynomolgus monkeys were chosen for sample collection. Serum concentrations of 43 cytokines were measured using xMap technologies. The results were analyzed by t-test or non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test according to the W-test for normality. Results Among 43 cytokines, one proinflammatory cytokine (IL-15), three anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1RA, IL-6R α, and sCD27) and one chemokine (CCL5/ RANTES) were significantly different between Rhesus and Cynomolgus monkeys. Conclusions There is no significant difference in basic serum cytokine levels between Rhesus and Cynomolgus monkeys, which is comparable in biomedical research. The results of this study provide basic data for related studies.