Objective To evaluate the effect of Osteoking on blood physiological parameters and organ indexes in the ovariectomized tree shrew model of osteoporotic fracture (OPF). Methods A total of 30 4-month-old female tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) were randomly divided into control group, model group and treatment group, with 10 in each group. Bilateral ovaries of the tree shrews in the treatment group and model group were removed and osteoporosis was confirmed 6 months later. Then tibial fractures were generated. From the next day of fracture, tree shrews in the treatment group were gavaged with Osteoking once every two days, and tree shrews in the model group and control group were gavaged with equal volume of sterile saline. After gavaging for 3 months, 16 blood physiological parameters and 6 organ indexes of the tree shrews in each group were measured. Results Among all of the 16 blood physiological parameters, the number of white blood cells, the absolute value and percentage of lymphocytes (P < 0.01) and monocytes (P < 0.05) in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group after 3 months. Compared with the model group, the absolute value and percentage of monocytes (P < 0.01) and lymphocytes, the number of white blood cells (P < 0.05) and the spleen coefficient were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the treatment group. Conclusions Osteoking can improve the immunity of tree shrews with osteoporotic fracture.