Objective To explore the functional mechanism of a Chinese medicine compound "Qiangzhizufang" on rat model of Tourette syndrome (TS) combined with fear. Methods The rat model of TS combined with fear was established by intraperitoneal injection of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) combined with acoustic stimulation. After giving different drug lavage treatment, the changes of behavior of the rat models were assessed by field test and behavior test. The content of DA, TH and TH mRNA in the brain tissue was detected by HPLC, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, separately. Results Compared with the normal control group, stereotyped behavior and exercise behavior were increased, freezing time prolonged, but the content of DA, TH and TH mRNA in the brain tissue were not obviously changed in the model control group. Compared with the model control group, the stereotyped behavior and exercise behavior were decreased, content of DA, TH and TH mRNA in the brain tissue was decreased in the "Qiangzhizufang" group. Conclusions The Chinese medicine compound "Qiangzhizufang" can improve the behavior in rat models of TS combined with fear. This effect may be realized through down-regurating TH mRNA expression, reducing the content of TH, and reducing the dopamine synthesis.