Objective To establish a scientific and practical principle, grading standard and reasonable statistical method for evaluating the protective effect of health food to gastric mucosal injury, based on general pathology and histopathological diagnosis. Methods A methodological study was conducted on rat model of acute gastric mucosa injury induced by alcoholic through comprehensive analysis and comparing shortcomings of the current standard evaluation method, and methods of semi-quantitative analysis and corresponding information statistic processing were based on characteristics of the lesion and principles of pathology. Results Gross pathological evaluation of gastric mucosa lesion was based on the area occupied and proportion in the whole gastric mucosa. Histopathological diagnosis was based on the mucous layer depth of lesion as main determination point and other lesions as reference factors. Grades of lesion were divided into no abnormality(0), mild lesions(1 point), moderate lesions(2 points), and severe lesions(3 points). Ridit statistical method was used for pathological analysis of semi-quantitative results. Conclusion A scientific and feasible evaluation method for the protective effect of health food to gastric mucosal injury was provided from the aspects of gross pathology, histopathological evaluation method, data processing method and result determination.