Objectives To evaluate the effect of a Chinese traditional medicine, Huoxue Xiaoyi Fang, on the embryo development after in vitro fertilization (IVF) in mouse models of endometriosis. Methods To observe the quantity of oocytes including the average number of superovulation, fertility rate, 2-cell and 4-cell embryo cleavage rates at different stages in vitro fertilization, and morulation rate among the traditional Chinese medicine group (TCM group), endometriosis model group (EM model group) and sham-operated group. To explore the influence of endometriosis and the effect of Huoxue Xiaoyi Fang on the quantity of oocytes and embryonic development after IVF in the mouse models of endometriosis. Results All the average number of superovulation, fertility rate, 2-cell and 4-cell embryo cleavage rates in the three groups showed significant differences (P<0.05), and the average number of superovulation was in an order of sham operated group>TCM group>model group. There were no significant differences in the morulation rates in the three groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences among the IVF rates of the three groups (P<0.05), and to be in an order of sham operated group>TCM group>model group. There were significant differences in the final morulation rate among the three groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Endometriosis may influence the quality of embryonic development of EM model mice, including reduced average number of superovulation, fertility rate, and embryo cleavage rate. The Chinese traditional medicine Huoxue Xiaoyi Fang can improve the the quantity of embryonic development after IVF.