Objective To explore a method of establishment of a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction(TAC) with less invasive injury. Methods Thirty-two male KM mice were randomly divided into two groups: sham-operation(SH) group (n=10)and transverse aortic constriction(TAC)group(n=22).Mice of the TAC group were placed in a supine position under anesthesia. The endotracheal intubation tube was then connected on a rodent ventilator.After that,the mice were replaced in the right lateral decubitus position. Thoracotomy was performed to the second rib and to separate the transverse aorta. A 26G blunt needle was inserted into thetransverse aorta, and a small piece of 5-0 silk thread was used to tightly ligate the needle inserted in the transverse aorta. The same operation was performed on the mice of sham group, except for the ligation of the transverse aorta. Then the open chest was closed and the skin was sutured. The death of mice during and post operation was recorded. Echocardiographic assessments,heart weight and histological examination of the myocardium were performed at 4 weeks after surgery.Results ① The total death rate of TAC modeling was 32%. ②The blood flow velocities of the ligation of transverse aorta were all above 2400 mm/s in the TAC group,but all bellow 900 mm/s in the SH group. Compared with that in the sham operation group, the LVSD, LVDV,LVM, and LVMI were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the EF and FS were significantly decreased in the TAC group (P<0.05).③Histopathological examination showed vascular dilation and thickening of the blood vessel wall. Conclusions The method of establishing a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction can successfully induce pressure overload, resulting in myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. Compared with the widely reported literature in our country, this method does not need to split the sternum and causes less invasive injury. Therefore, it may have good application value in myocardial hypertrophy-related pathophysiological and pharmacodynamics studies.