ObjectiveTo compare three rat models of hyperuricemia induced by different agents.Methods Twenty healthy male adult (SPF) Sprague-Dowley rats were randomly distributed into three model groups and control group. Rats in the model groups received 5% oxonate diet (5% OA), 10% yeast extract diet (10% YE), 10% yeast extract + 2% oxonate diet (10%YE +2%OA), respectively, for three weeks, and then normal diet for one week. The control group received normal diet. Blood and urine samples were assayed to determine the levels of uric acid, creatinine, nitrogen, albumin, triglyceride and cholesterol. ResultsCompared with the control group, serum uric acid levels in the 5% OA group were significantly higher and consistently (P<0.05). The serum uric acid levels in the 10% YE group increased only in the second week (P <0.05). In the 10% YE + 2% OA group, serum uric acid levels increased in the first and second weeks (P<0.05), then decreased. There were no significant differences in the serum creatinine, nitrogen, albumin and body weight among the four groups (P>0.05). ConclusionsThe rat model of hyperuricemia induced by 5% OA is stable and enduring. The 10% YE models hardly reach hyperuricemia status. The 10% YE + 2% OA models have unstable high level of serum uric acid.