Objective To investigate the hematological and blood biochemical parameters of rhesus monkeys raised in different geographic regions. Methods Twenty-two hematological and nineteen blood biochemical indices of rhesus monkey bred in Hainan and Guangxi were measured using an automatic blood cell analyzer and automatic blood biochemical analyzer. Statistical comparisons of the results were made between these two breeds of monkeys of the same gender and age. Results The reference range values of Cr, ALB, IBIL were higher in adult Guangxi monkeys compared to those in Hainan monkeys. EOS, EOS%, MCV, MONO% , MCH were higher in female Hainan monkeys compared to those of Guangxi monkeys. MCV and NEU were higher in juvenile Guangxi monkeys than those in Hainan monkeys. MONO was higher, MCV, NEU were lower in adult Guangxi monkeys compared to those in Hainan monkeys. Conclusion Except the age and gender, the conditions in different geographic regions significantly affect blood parameter value in rhesus monkeys.