Recent rapid developments in life sciences and biomedical engineering technology, as well as breakthroughs in gene editing technology, an increasing number of rat and mouse models have been established and widely applied in basic research, including oncology, infectious diseases and immunology research. Although the total amount of animal model resources is increasing constantly, there is no unifying standard nomenclature, which makes the management of model animals as well as international exchange and intellectual property protection difficult. This paper is based on the rules of the JAX laboratory in America and summarizes the nomenclature of common model animals ( rat and mouse) in detail. Examples of different types of models are given in order to establish nomenclature and rules that are in compliance with international norms and exchange.