Abstract: Objective To investigate the method of using isoproterenol ( ISO) to induce myocardial injury in rhesus monkeys. Methods Eleven rhesus monkeys were selected and divided into a high-dose, low-dose and control group. The injections of ISO in the model groups were 4. 6 mg / kg (high-dose) and 3. 2 mg / kg (low-dose) and conducted twice per day. The control animals were injected with 1 mL of normal saline once per day. Color Doppler ultrasound imaging examinations were performed on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and weeks 2, 3, 4, and 5 after the injections and included: IVSTd, IVSTs, LVPWTd, LVPWTs, LVEDD, LVESD, EF, FS, LVM. Electrocardiography was used to measure the changes in cardiac electrical activity. AST, ALT, LDH, CK, CK-MB, PLR, NLR and other physiological and biochemical indicators in the blood were measured. Results In the high-dose group, AST, ALT, LDH, CK, CK-MB, PLR and NLR increased significantly within one week of ISO administration. Furthermore, IVSTd, IVSTs, LVPWTd, LVPWTs, LVEDD and LVESD increased, EF and FS decreased. Compared with that in the high-dose group, these values in the low-dose group were similar to the control group. The electrocardiography result showed that the T wave and ST segments changed to varying degrees by the fifth week after ISO administration. Conclusions Subcutaneous injection of ISO can induce myocardial injury in rhesus monkeys. These comprehensive indices of echocardiography, electrocardiography, and hematology can be used as the basis for evaluating non-invasive heart injury in rhesus monkeys.