Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long-chain non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs (circRNAs), regulate myocardial development, differentiation, metabolism, death, remodeling, and other pathophysiological processes, and may thus be involved in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We review recent research into the role of ncRNA in DCM, which has mainly focused on expression profiling, marker screening, and mechanistic exploration. Several differentially expressed ncRNAs have been screened out from circulating blood and myocardial tissue as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for DCM; however, studies of circRNAs are limited. Considering the complex and heterogeneous etiology of DCM, further studies including more clinical samples are needed to supplement and validate current findings. Elucidating the potential role and mechanism of ncRNAs, especially circRNAs, in DCM will provide new method and a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of DCM.