Through understanding the significance and necessity of legislation for the use of laboratory animals, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the current situation of laboratory animal legalisation in several developed countries. Based on the problems and shortcomings of the Chinese legal system for managing laboratory animals, it then provides constructive suggestions for developing the legal system to protect laboratory animal welfare and to improve the quality of laboratory animal research in China. For example, we suggest enacting more detailed standards, building suitable management mechanisms, and strengthening the power of legal supervision. With a strategy in learning and comparing the legal system of several developed countries, in order to construct a legal system for laboratory animal field that better suits China’s national conditions, in line with China’s economic level.