教学中动物实验替代方法应用进展
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中国疾病预防控制中心实验动物中心,北京 102206


Alternatives to the use of experimental animals in education
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Center for Experimental Animals, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China

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    摘要:

    1959 年英国动物学家 W.M.S.Russell 和微生物学家 R.L.Burch 提出替代、减少和优化的“3R 原则”。其中替代是开展动物实验时首要考虑的原则。本文综述了国际和我国教学中实验动物替代方法应用现状,对目前可用替代方法包括模型、道具和机械模拟器;胶片和视频教学;虚拟仿真实验系统以及 3D 打印技术等进行了介绍, 对于如何在我国切实推动教学领域动物替代方法,提出了须提高重视、储备技术以及保证经费等建议。

    Abstract:

    In 1959, the British zoologist Russell and the microbiologist Burch proposed the “Three R principles,” which are replacement, reduction, and refinement. Replacement is the first principle to consider when conducting animal experiments. Here, we review the current state of the application of the principle of replacement to the use of experimental animals in international and domestic education, specifically through the use of models, props, and mechanical simulations, as well as film- and video-based teaching. Virtual ( simulation ) experimental systems and 3D printing technology are briefly introduced and analyzed. We also provide some suggestions based on the following three aspects: increasing attention, reserving technology, and guaranteeing funds. The aim of this paper aims is to put forward some suggestions on how to replace experimental animals with other alternatives in education in our country and how to pay more attention to this important issue.

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蒋亚君,荣 蓉,刘晓宇,卢选成.教学中动物实验替代方法应用进展[J].中国比较医学杂志,2020,30(7):133~138.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-25
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