Objective To investigate the effects of different types of exercise on emotion and behavior in aggressive rats. Methods Fifty-six 12-week-old SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into the following five groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding: quiet ( A), aggressive model ( G), aggressive jumping ( GT), aggressive treadmill (GP), and aggressive (R). Rats were fed in single cages, subjected to invasion by foreign rat to establish the aggressive model, and observed for changes in emotional and behavior. Interventions with jumping and treadmill exercises for 8 weeks the aggressive jumping were training for 3 days a week, and the treadmill were training for 5 days a week. in the middle and late stage of training, the open-field experiments were conducted to observe changes in emotion and behavior after exercise intervention. Results The exploratory behaviors, degrees of activity and autonomous activity of the rats in the aggressive model (G) group were significantly reduced, the anxious mood and tension were higher. After 4 weeks of jumping and treadmill exercise intervention, there were significant differences in the number of upright times, crossing numbers, washing and shaving times between the aggressive jumping (GT) and the aggressive treadmill (GP) groups. The average speed, central activity time and total distance of the two groups of rats were significantly increased. The excitability and exploration effects of the two kinds of exercises on the aggressive model (G) group were significant, and the influence of the jumping exercise on rat behavior was more obvious. After 8 weeks of jumping and treadmill exercise intervention, the excitability of rats in the aggressive jumping (GT) and aggressive treadmill (GP) groups increased significantly, but the excitability, exploratory behavior and spontaneous activity of rats following the treadmill exercise intervention decreased significantly, and there was no significant difference with the aggressive model (G) group. Conclusions Proper jumping and treadmill exercise significantly improved the anxiety, nervousness and proactive behavior of the aggressive rats.