Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major metabolic diseases. In view of the defects of traditional animal models, this study was the first to establish the NAFLD model of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) with simple feed formula which is similar to human (from simple fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis,Liver cirrhosis). This study discussed the mechanism of rapid fatty liver deposition in Mongolian gerbil, revealed its molecular mechanism,main regulatory target and network function of fatty liver susceptibility. We provide a new animal model of NAFLD with relatively clear background and less time-consuming for clinical treatment and new drug development. The theoretical and practical basis for the breeding of inbred strain NAFLD gerbil was established.