Objective To provide experimental data for clinical prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease in mice by a Chinese medicine, Siwu decoction, and study the intervention effect of Siwu decoction on alcoholic liver injury. Methods Sixty C57 mice were selected and randomly divided into the control group,model group and Siwu decoction low, medium and high dose (0.91, 1.82, 3.64 g/kg/d) groups, 12 mice in each group. The mouse models of alcoholic fatty liver were generated with gastric gavage of 50% ethanol, and Siwu decoction intervention was applied to these mouse models. Six weeks later,the mice body weight,liver index,serum biochemical indexes and liver pathological changes were determined and analyzed. Results Compared with the model group, Body weight gains of mice in all dose Siwu Decoction groups were significantly increased (P<0.05),and liver indexes significantly decreased (P<0.05). The serum levels of ALT, AST and TG content significantly decreased(P< 0.05).The liver gross appearance was gradually changed from rough to smooth and the color gradually deepened in the mice of Siwu decoction groups, increasingly from low to high dose group.Pathological examination showed a decrease of hepatic steatosis in the mice treated with Siwu decoction from low dose to high dose, and mice in the high dose group showed the best improvement of hepatic steatosis. Conclusion The Chinese medicine Siwu decoction has a protective effect on alcoholic liver injury in mice.