Objective To measure the main reproductive performance of 6 SPF mice and rats preserved in our laboratory, including C57BL/6, BALB/c, NIH, KM, ICR mice and SD rats. Methods Inbred mice used random mating in full sibs. Meanwhile, closed colony animals were bred by cross circulation mating. These indexes of reproductive performance were measured in the 6 kinds of animals during the first births to the fourth births, which were average litter size (ALZ), average baby number reared (ABN) and average weaning number (AWN), and the weaning rate (WA) were calculated. Meanwhile，initial mating age in days, initial bearing age in days, first gestation and intervals were measured. Result The ALZ of inbred mice were 6 to 7. The reproductive indexes were basic stable in the first 3 births, however, the various data were dramatic decline in the fourth birth (P＜0.05). The WA of BALB/c mice were 98% to 99%, and that of C57BL/6 mice were 96% to 98%. The ALZ of closed colony animals were 12 to 15, and significantly increased in the second and third birth compared the first firth (P＜0.05), but then significantly reduce (P＜0.05). The WA maintained 98% to 99% in NIH, KM and ICR mice. In contrast, The WA of SD rats were slightly lower, reaching 95% to 97%. The initial mating age in days of mice is between 70d to 80d. The initial bearing age in days and first gestation of rats are less than inbred mice，the initial bearing age in days and first gestation of closed colony rats are respectively 136.3d and 27.7d. The pregnancy interval of inbred mice is between 34d to 40d，the pregnancy interval of closed colony mice is between 25.5d to 28.7d，the pregnancy interval of rats is between 32.8d to33.8d. Conclusion The reproductive performance of the 6 mice and rats had a greater level, and these data could provide the basis to commercialized production of mice and rats in the area of south China, and establishment of rodent experimental animal resource.