Comparison of the effects of different exercise modes on MSTN and IGF1 of rat skeletal muscle
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1.Department of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing 210014, China. 2. Research Office, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing 210014. 3. Department Science Experiment Center, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing 210014

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R-33

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    Abstract:

    Objective This study aimed to explore the effects of different exercise modes on skeletal muscle growth factors MSTN and IGF-1 in rats and to provide a theoretical basis for choosing appropriate exercise modes to improve skeletal muscle function. Methods Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, each with 12 rats, namely quiet control, continuous swimming exercise, high-intensity intermittent swimming exercise, and ladder exercise groups. After 8 weeks of exercise training, rats were sacrificed by overdosed anesthesia together with the quiet control group, and samples were collected for testing. The body weight and gastrocnemius muscle weight of each group were recorded. Cross- sectional area changes of the gastrocnemius muscle were observed by HE staining. Serum levels of MSTN, IGF-1 and insulin were measured by ELISA. MSTN, IGF-1 and p70S6K expression in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats was detected by Western blot. Results The weights of rats in the three exercise groups were significantly lower than that of the quiet control group (P<0.01). The weight of the gastrocnemius in the continuous swimming exercise group was significantly lower than that of the quiet control group (P<0.05), and the weight of the gastrocnemius in the other two groups did not change significantly (P>0.05). The gastrocnemius cross-sectional area of the three exercise groups was significantly lower than that of the quiet control group (P<0.05). The gastrocnemius cross-sectional area of ladder exercise and high-intensity intermittent exercise groups was significantly higher than that of the continuous swimming group (P<0.05). Serum IGF-1 levels of the three exercise groups were significantly lower than that of the quiet control group (P<0.01), while MSTN and insulin levels did not change significantly. MSTN protein expression in the gastrocnemius of the ladder exercise group was significantly lower than that of the quiet control group ( P< 0.01), while IGF-1 and p70s6k protein expression was significantly higher than in the quiet control group ( P< 0.01). p70S6K protein expression in the gastrocnemius of the continuous swimming exercise group was also significantly higher than that in the quiet control group ( P< 0.05 ). Conclusions Ladder exercise and high-intensity intermittent swimming exercise both increased the gastrocnemius mass index, but their effects on MSTN and IGF1 in skeletal muscle were different. Ladder exercise downregulated MSTN expression and upregulated IGF1 and p70S6K expression, whereas high-intensity intermittent swimming exercise had no significant effect on MSTN, IGF-1 or p70S6K in skeletal muscle. Ladder climbing may increase the cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius muscle by reducing MSTN and increasing IGF-1 and p70S6K.

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History
  • Received:November 01,2021
  • Revised:
  • Adopted:
  • Online: November 09,2022
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