Objective To compare the changes in physiological parameters after cardiac arrest (CA) caused byintravenous potassium chloride or transesophageal-chest wall electrical stimulation in rabbits. Methods According to arandom number table, 20 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two different induction groups: a potassium chloridegroup with CA induced by bullet-type intravenous injection of 10% potassium chloride (0. 3 mL/ kg), and an electricalstimulation group with CA induced by transesophageal-chest wall electrical stimulation with 35 mA alternating current. Fiveminutes after CA, conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was initiated. Time spent inducing CA, time spent onCPR, rate of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), blood gas and blood lactic acid levels 1 h after ROSC, and72-h survival rate after resuscitation were compared. Results CA was successfully induced in all 20 rabbits. Comparedwith the electrical stimulation group, time spent inducing CA (9. 90 ± 2. 47 vs. 27. 40 ± 6. 48 s, P < 0. 01) and timespent on CPR (61. 61 ± 26. 51 vs. 132. 00 ± 18. 55 s, P < 0. 01) were significantly shorter in the potassium chloridegroup. Nine rabbits exhibited ROSC in each group. Seventy-two hours after ROSC, eight rabbits in the potassium chloridegroup survived, while five rabbits survived in the electrical stimulation group. Compared with the electrical stimulationgroup, pH (7. 38 ± 0. 06 vs. 7. 29 ± 0. 11, P < 0. 05) and HCO₃^-(21. 86 ± 3. 65 vs. 18. 32 ± 2. 61 mmol/ L, P < 0. 05)levels of the potassium chloride group were significantly increased, while the level of lactic acid (1. 77 ± 0. 77 vs. 5. 39 ±3. 40 mmol/ L, P < 0. 01) was significantly reduced. Partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and K⁺were not significantly different. Conclusions Compared with transesophageal-chest wall electrical stimulation, potassiumchloride may be more convenient to induce CA in rabbits, as physiological parameters after ROSC are more stable and the long-term survival rate is higher.