Objective To clarify the role of Compound Fritillaria Scutellaria Decoction ( CFSD) as an intervention of leukemia cell proliferation, and to explore the correlation between the administration of CFSD and the expression of Wip1 in mice. Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD33 positive cells in the mouse blood. The expression level of Wip1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and the expression of WIP1 protein was detected by Western blot. Results The positive CD33⁺ CD117⁺ leukemia cells of adriamycin plus CFSD (Adr⁺CFSD) group was the lowest ( P <0. 01). The expression of Wip1 mRNA in the bone marrow of model mice was high, and the expression level of Wip1 mRNA in the bone marrow of the other groups was decreased ( P <0. 05). Conclusions CFSD combined with chemotherapy improved the efficacy of chemotherapy and the remission rate of leukemia, and reduced the expression of Wip1 mRNA. CFSD protects the integrity of the liver and spleen structures and partly inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells.