Cytochrome P450 2E1 ( CYP2E1) is an enzyme that can metabolize endogenous or exogenoussubstances, mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum. CYP2E1 is involved in the oxidative metabolism of exogenous chemicalssuch as steroids, fatty acids, prostaglandins, drugs, carcinogens and environmental pollutants. In alcoholic liver disease,nonalcoholic liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, and AIDS, and in the pathological process of diseases such as diabetesand Parkinson’s disease, the CYP2E1 expression levels rise, produce reactive oxygen species and reactive metabolites,cause oxidative stress, and deactivate DNA, protein and lipids, causing organ damage in the body. Therefore, targetedinhibition of CYP2E1 can be used to treat various diseases. Diallyl sulfide (DAS), an effective component in garlic, is aselective inhibitor of CYP2E1 and can reduce ROS, oxidative stress and apoptosis by inhibiting CYP2E1. This article reviews the potential role of DAS in targeted inhibition of CYP2E1 for treating related diseases.