Objective The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the barium chloride-induced arrhythmia model in rabbits with the wowbaine-induced arrhythmia model in guinea pigs, to provide technical references for medical experimental teaching, and to improve the electrophysiological experimental skills of medical students. Methods A systematic comparative analysis of the two models was conducted from the dimensions of technical principle, modeling method, and index detection. By optimizing the electrocardiographic parameters, standardizing the arrhythmia grading criteria and introducing quantitative analysis methods, we explored the differences between the two models in terms of ion channel mechanisms, drug targets and applicability to teaching. Results The barium chloride model can rapidly induce ventricular arrhythmia and is suitable for acute drug efficacy observation; the wowbaine model can simulate progressive arrhythmia development and is suitable for the study of preventive effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. Conclusion This study provides a basis for the selection, process optimization and mechanism understanding of arrhythmia models in medical experimental teaching, which is of great significance for improving electrophysiology experimental skills of medical students.