Objective To evaluate the operation of an oral and nasal aerosol exposure system for non-human primate (NHP) models using influenza virus and establish the experimental basis for aerosol inoculation of NHPs with SARS-CoV-2. Methods In a biosafety level 3 laboratory, we generated influenza virus B/ Phuket / 3073 / 2013 aerosol using an oral and nasal aerosol exposure system for NHP models and evaluated whether the device could run normally and produce aerosol particles of a specific size. Furthermore, the uniformity of distribution and stability of the aerosol particles were analyzed. Influenza virus was collected at sites where leakage could easily occur. A solution of 35% H₂O₂ was run through the nebulizer to disinfect the system. Results The mass median aerodynamic diameter of aerosol particles was (1. 04 ± 0. 03) μm. The viral aerosols produced by different concentrations of influenza virus reached the hood. There was no significant difference in aerosol concentration among the 6 hoods (P>0. 05). The survival rate of influenza virus was greater than 50% after atomization for 30 min. A linear relationship was observed ( R² = 0. 9989) with an average difference of 2. 4 log10 CCID50 / mL between input (Collison Nebulizer) and output (All Glass Impinger-30) virus titers. No influenza virus was detected at potential leakage sites of the device. There was no indication of bacterial growth after sterilizing the pipeline of the aerosol exposure system and the cavity of the negative pressure cabinet with hydrogen peroxide disinfectant. Conclusions Our result suggest that the oral and nasal aerosol exposure system for non-human primates is useable and effective. This study provides a foundation for establishing SARS-CoV-2 and other viral aerosol infection models using NHPs in the future.